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What are Annotations?

This may be of interest to the less technically inclined, myself included.

You mentioned in another post the desire to generate lots and lots of annotations.

Can you elaborate on this in laymans terms?
[Feb 21, 2005 2:15:56 AM]   Link   Report threatening or abusive post: please login first  Go to top 
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Re: What are Annotations?

Following up annotation, starting with the Rice Genome Program at http://rgp.dna.affrc.go.jp/cgi-bin/statusdb/status.pl , it looks as though answering this would almost answer every question we could come up with about genome sequencing. Now that we have a figure, 22%, on what we are doing, why not tell us a bit about what ISB is doing? Starting with getting work units to us and continuing with what is being done once the results are returned. We only have part of the picture. If you just blog a bit about what you have to do day by day, we will eventually be able to ask pertinent questions to round out our picture.
[Feb 21, 2005 5:55:27 AM]   Link   Report threatening or abusive post: please login first  Go to top 
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confused Re: What is ???

I have just found a web page about the Human Genome Project with links on all sorts of subjects related to the Human Proteome Folding Project. It is http://genome.gsc.riken.go.jp/hgmis/links.html

I am almost afraid to see what it leads to, it seems like a gigantic cavern, full of twisty passages that . . . hypnotized

Lawrence
[Mar 6, 2005 9:12:55 PM]   Link   Report threatening or abusive post: please login first  Go to top 
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cool Re: What are Annotations?

Ok this is a bit over the top, but to see the latest publication
about how we use Rosetta at the ISB to get protein function
leads see:

http://genomebiology.com/2004/5/8/r52

this is a research pub, and a lot technical... BUT
look first at figure 1. This is effectively the pipe we
use to identify sequences to fold, and it consists of the
following steps:

1. use sequence based methods to figure out
posible functions for as many proteins as posible.
[word-word / sequence/sequence] matches between
protein your interested in and known protein.

2. If no word match for a protein of part/domain of a
protein then pass that protein or protein domain to Rosetta
and/or other structure prediction techniques.

3. Take those proteins and put them on the grid for
grid_Rosetta to chew on.

4. distill function from structures by (among other things)
looking for structure-structure matches [structural
similarity is conserved across a greater evolutionary
distance that sequence similarity]

1+2 result in fragments of local structure
3 puts those fragments of structure together to
make global folds
4 attempts to distill useful info from the folds
[Mar 10, 2005 10:32:39 PM]   Link   Report threatening or abusive post: please login first  Go to top 
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Re: What are Annotations?

go strait to the horses mouth:
http://genomebiology.com/2004/5/8/r52

there is no such thing as a layman.
look at figure 1. We are doing the orange part
to get at the info present in the other figures.
[Mar 10, 2005 10:34:37 PM]   Link   Report threatening or abusive post: please login first  Go to top 
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Re: What are Annotations?

Ok here is an example of what an annotation is and how
we can get it from the grid. Just one example of an annotation
and how one arives at it with structure as a piece of evidence.

1. protein is identified as important for any number of reasons:
eg. my biologist buddy, Nitin Baliga for instance, tells me that
a protein (VNG1462H) is something the cell makes more of
when it is stressed, and that the other proteins the cell makes
at these times include b12 synthesis enzymes.

2. I predict the structure (on the grid + ISB/UW pre and post-process pipeline).

3. We see what the structure mathches and see that
it matches Haem (b12 is a haem ring) binding folds similar to folds seen
in the b12 biosynthetic pathway.

4. we combine our two pieces of evidence to form
a hypothosis that VNG1462H carries out step X in the
colbamine(b12) biosynthetic pathway.

5. repeat, until whole halobacterium genome is understood
via a combination of computational (structure+sequence matching)
and experiemental (gene arrays and proteomics and genetics, etc.)
methods.
[Mar 25, 2005 7:37:36 AM]   Link   Report threatening or abusive post: please login first  Go to top 
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Re: What are Annotations?

I have been reading through 'Critical Issues Colloquia Reports' at the American Society for Microbiology at http://www.asm.org/Academy/index.asp?bid=2093
I got started because I was interested in the hypothesis that Type II Diabetes is caused by enteroviruses ('Microbial Triggers of Chronic Human Illness'), but I read the report titled 'An Experimental Approach to Genome Annotation' (Jan 2005) at http://www.asm.org/Academy/index.asp?bid=32664 which discusses database design for annotating genomes. It seems very clear and easy to read. Much easier to read than anything else I have come across discussing annotation of genes.
[Apr 23, 2005 7:05:37 AM]   Link   Report threatening or abusive post: please login first  Go to top 
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