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Former Member
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Question about 'Public Domain' results?

This question is general in it's natural but I couldn't find a better place to post it and I had read a related thread in this forum. I know that the results from the research here at WCG goes into the public domain, I have read the online information. Being a programmer that term 'Public Domain' carries a certain meaning. I know that if I use Public Domain code within a software project I have to use the code in a way that is consistent with it's license agreement. In that context, is there some kind of license agreement tied to the results of the research generated here when it is released into the pubic domain?

I realize that if the results produced by the WCG lead to the production of meds, that some company has to produce, package, market and sell them and should be able to make a profit to some degree. But as public domain research, I was wondering what if any restrictions were placed on it's use.

g00dkn16ht
[Aug 26, 2008 1:03:51 PM]   Link   Report threatening or abusive post: please login first  Go to top 
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Re: Question about 'Public Domain' results?

Public domain can be defined as:

Information that has been made available to the general public and is distributed and redistributed without copyright or patent.


Also taking into account the help section (here), you can see that the results of the projects that we currently do are open to everyone.

However, once we have crunched away and the results are in the public domain, there is nothing to stop a big pharmaceutical company taking them and developing them. As they develop them, they will likely make it proprietary and make money out of it at the end of the day.

The thing is that without places such as WCG, we would be even further away from answers than we are now (not that I am saying that we have any but we are limiting the amount of questions smile )

Edit: for spellling
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[Edit 1 times, last edit by Former Member at Aug 26, 2008 2:15:06 PM]
[Aug 26, 2008 2:14:14 PM]   Link   Report threatening or abusive post: please login first  Go to top 
Former Member
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Re: Question about 'Public Domain' results?

I know that if I use Public Domain code within a software project I have to use the code in a way that is consistent with it's license agreement.


I'm going to take us off topic here, but software in the public domain doesn't have a license agreement. It's completely free to use in any way you wish.

Perhaps you are familiar instead with open source software, which falls under copyright and license agreements. Open source software in not necessarily in the public domain.
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[Edit 1 times, last edit by Former Member at Aug 26, 2008 2:31:28 PM]
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Re: Question about 'Public Domain' results?

I realize there is a lot of ambiguity between the terms 'Public Domain', 'Open source' and 'free software' but that is a discussion/debate I don't care to be a part of. But that there is free software in the public domain that comes with a license agreements was really the only thing I was referring to.

As my previous post stated in so many words I do realized that if companies are not allowed to make profits off our crunch time and the results we produce, the people needing the drugs and/or cures that come from those results will never get them. But I would think that it would be appropriate for such products to be required to carry a WCG logo of some sort to acknowledge the input this community has freely made to the development of that produce. I say that not from the prospective of needing recognition but of knowing that what I am doing is making a difference. Badges and points will keep most people's interest only so long, like a video game. But if there was a cure for say cancer that was development based on research from this community and it carried the WCG logo, we all could know for sure that we did make a difference each time we saw it! Unless I have missed something in what I have read so far, the only way I will know if something I have done is being used is to keep up with and read research papers on the topic a couple of years down the line. I have a hard enough time trying to keep up with all the technology in my own field.

Just my .02 as a new cruncher,
g00dkn16ht
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Re: Question about 'Public Domain' results?

g00dkn16ht, Questar is correct. There is absolutely no ambiguity about public domain works. It means that the creator of the work has disclaimed all interest in the work (or that any copyright has expired). There is no license, because the creator no longer has the right to control or license the work. There may be a formal disclaimer of interest, which is similar to a license (but isn't one).

Don't worry, though - when advances are thanks to World Community Grid, you can expect us to be credited. Sign up for the World Community Grid newsletter, and keep up to date with our progress.

Open source and free software - now there's a whole heap of ambiguity.
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Re: Question about 'Public Domain' results?

Sign up for the World Community Grid newsletter, and keep up to date with our progress.


Didactylos, I had noticed that there was a newsletter but not taken the time to read it yet. Trying to read help and forum topics to get up to speed faster. At your suggestion I did go and read the latest newsletter and it was informative and answered some other questions. I will read some back issues and hopefully be able to see how research on some of the completed projects are currently being used or developing.

g00dkn16ht
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Re: Question about 'Public Domain' results?

Here's the deal on having the research results be on the public domain:

All that means to us at World Community Grid is that whoever gets to run their research on World Community Grid doesn't hoard the results for themselves. The public provided the computer time for the research, therefore the public should benefit from the results. This rule then forces researchers to share the results with other researchers to build upon. Believe it or not, making the results available publicly prevents some researchers from running on World Community Grid because they don't want to share the results.

So there are no hard rules for putting the results out on the public domain and all it means is that the researchers make the results available to anyone. This usually means that they create a database with some kind of web based access portal to the database. And the database is always accompanied via some kind of scientific paper.

The paper that accompanies the database should always acknowledge that the work was done on World Community Grid. In that way, other researchers who leverage this database, will acknowledge World Community Grid in their papers by virtue of referencing the original paper. So if there is a cure for some dreaded disease from something that was run on World Community Grid, the trail of papers ought to point back to something that was run World Community Grid.

We give the researchers a lot of flexibility as to when the results need to be made available publicly. We realize that they need some time to keep the results for their own research and to develop scientific papers. However we continually follow up with them until the results are there.

At this time, the Human proteome Folding and the Genome Comparison project are closest to having their results available publicly. We have seen preliminary papers and designs for their databases and are confident that we will see the results in the public domain in the next few months. When they are available we will announce it via a newsletter and on the Research pages of the website.

Hope this information helps.
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Re: Question about 'Public Domain' results?

Yes bbover3, that was very informative and thanks for you time.

My point was that I could see where if a cure for something like cancer was found, through the use of the WCG, and marketed that if the WCG's contribution to that cure was well established in the public's sight, it could have a very positive impact on distributive computing in general and the WCG in particular. I guess I was looking to see if there was something in place to insure that that recognition would happen. Thanks again, g00dkn16ht
[Aug 27, 2008 5:51:36 PM]   Link   Report threatening or abusive post: please login first  Go to top 
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Re: Question about 'Public Domain' results?

In that way, other researchers who leverage this database, will acknowledge World Community Grid in their papers by virtue of referencing the original paper.


But that's only there for those who read the research papers.

I really do like g00dkn16ht's idea of having a WCG logo (and web address) contractually required to be included on any drug packaging for any drugs that were developed by anyone building upon (either directly or indirectly) work done by WCG (even if WCG was only a small part of the process required).

Nothing big or onerous, just somewhere on the packaging so that end users and the public in general, are aware that some charitable donations (computing time) helped in the development of the drug.

I think there is also a case for requiring companies, once they are generating profits derived from work built upon WCG work, that a small proportion of those profits should be donated back to WCG (and I do just mean small as we don't want to put companies off using the results; so nothing onerous, for example just 0.5% of the net profits. And only once profits are being made... if no (net) profit is being made, then nothing is owed.).

Using that money, WCG could setup a charitable fund to make drugs available either free or low cost to third world countries, or to setup small independant laboratories in different countries (e.g. in south america, africa, or asia) to develop and productise other results from WCG, so that in the long run it's not just the american economy that benefit from our crunching. In the long run it really should be a world effort / world benefit.
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Re: Question about 'Public Domain' results?

There are some good reasons for making the results absolutely without strings.

Even something as simple as giving WCG credit can be a problem. First, no one but the pharmacist would see it. But aside from that, it might be considered to be an implied contract between WCG and the manufacturer. There are a lot of laws that exist and are enforced with nothing being written down anywhere. So the agreement requiring that WCG being given credit might at some later date be interpreted as giving WCG some financial interest.

You can say 'ok, so just make it clear that's not what we mean.' OK, but what about the infinite number of other possibilties. You can't forsee them all. When you start trying, your simple agreement becomes hundreds of pages of legalese.

This may sound silly, but stranger things have happened and companies are always concerned about how an agreement might be interpreted in the future.

Also, for a new drug to get to market, you have to spend literally hundreds of millions of dollars on clinical trials - and not every drug tested in this way makes it to market.

There's also nothing to stop a competitor from jumping in an offering a generic version once the drug is FDA approved because the drug itself is public domain.

It would be like someone spending millions on l-tryptophan as an insomnia medication. Of course this wouldn't be necessary for a variety of reasons, but let's say it was. The first company does the trials, gets FDA approval and then someone else, getting free ride off of their results, markets a generic version. No company is going to take that risk.

What will most likely happen is whatever drug we find will be used as the basis for an effort to find a molecule similar to the our drug but with better activity for whatever its target happens to be.

So it would be as if we discovered codeine and the pharma company took our molecule and developed morphine. They are both opiates, but morphine is much stronger for pain relief.

Since it's a different molecule, they will be able to get full patent protection.

If however the drug we find is the best in its class, they can still get a patent in other ways - like isolating the most active isomer, using a unique delivery system, etc.
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